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last updated/2011/11/10
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Glycans in living creatures exist mainly as complex glycans, such as proteoglycans, glycoproteins and glycolipids. Proteoglycans are characterized as having extended sugar chains linked to a core protein. These chains are formed by two repeating monosaccharides and are one of the most common components of the extracellular matrix in animal tissue. Glycoproteins consist of a core protein and several monosaccharide chains. In glycoproteins, these sugar chains link to the core protein at either the aspartic acid ... and more
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It has been suggested that many viruses use the sugar chain at various steps of infection. Some viruses utilize the sugar chain to enhance efficiency of entry into host cells by adsorption and condensing virus particles on the surface of cells. Other viruses use the sugar chain itself as an entry receptor. For example, it is well known that sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid: NANA, Nu5Ac) on the host cell surface is used as an entry receptor of hemagglutinin antigen (HA) during influenza virus infection. It has also been reported recently that adenovirus type 37 uses GD1a, a specific ganglioside ... and more
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last updated/2011/11/10
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last updated/2011/1/25
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